Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : the crop and feathers, which are thrown on the ground next to the altar and are not burned.
מוּרְאָה וְנוֹצָה.
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : The Gemara asks: But aren’t there wine libations, which are poured entirely onto the altar? The Gemara answers that the wine is not actually poured onto the altar; it is poured into ducts on the side of the altar and goes down to the drainpipes.
וְהָאִיכָּא נְסָכִים, לַשִּׁיתִין אָזְלִי.
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : The Gemara asks: But isn’t there a meal offering brought with libations, which is entirely burned on the altar? The Gemara answers that when one says: It is incumbent upon me to bring to the altar, his intent is clearly to bring a type of offering that is only sacrificed on the altar. A meal offering brought with libations is a type of meal offering. Therefore, since there are other types of a meal offering from which the priests eat, after a handful has been removed from it and burned, a meal offering brought with libations is not a clear example of an offering that is sacrificed on the altar in its entirety, and certainly was not his intent. Therefore, his intent must have been to bring frankincense.
וְהָאִיכָּא מִנְחַת נְסָכִים? כֵּיוָן דְּאִיכָּא מִנְחָה דְּאָכְלִי כֹּהֲנִים מִינַּהּ, לָא פְּסִיקָא לֵיהּ.
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : § The mishna teaches that one who says: It is incumbent upon me to donate gold to the Temple treasury, must donate no less than a gold dinar. The Gemara challenges: But perhaps his intention in using the word gold is not to a coin at all, but to a small piece [naskha] of gold. Rabbi Elazar said: The case of the baraita is where he said the word coin. The Gemara challenges further: But perhaps his intention is not to a dinar, but to smaller coins, such as perutot. Rav Pappa said: People do not make perutot of gold. Therefore, it is unlikely that this was his intent.
״הֲרֵי עָלַי זָהָב״ – לֹא יִפְחוֹת מִדִּינַר זָהָב. וְדִלְמָא נְסָכָא? אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: דְּאָמַר ״מַטְבֵּעַ״. וְדִלְמָא פְּרִיטֵי? אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא: פְּרִיטֵי דְּדַהֲבָא לָא עָבְדִי אִינָשֵׁי.
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : § The mishna teaches that one who says: It is incumbent upon me to donate silver to the Temple maintenance, must donate no less than the value of a silver dinar. The Gemara challenges: But perhaps his intention in using the word silver is not to a coin at all, but to a small piece of silver. Rabbi Elazar said: The case of the baraita is where he said the word coin. The Gemara challenges further: But perhaps his intention is not to a dinar, but to smaller coins, such as perutot. Rav Pappa said: The halakha of the baraita is stated with regard to a place where silver perutot do not circulate.
״כֶּסֶף״ – לֹא יִפְחוֹת מִדִּינָר. וְדִלְמָא נְסָכָא? אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר: דְּאָמַר ״מַטְבֵּעַ״, וְדִלְמָא פְּרִיטֵי? אָמַר רַב שֵׁשֶׁת: בְּאַתְרָא דְּלָא סָגוּ פְּרִיטֵי דְכַסְפָּא.
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : § The mishna teaches that one who says: It is incumbent upon me to donate copper to the Temple maintenance, must donate no less than the value of a silver ma’a. It is taught in a baraita that Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov says: He must donate no less than the amount needed to forge a small copper hook. The Gemara asks: For what use is that suitable in the Temple? Abaye said: They scrape the wicks from the Candelabrum with it and clean the lamps of the Candelabrum with it.
״נְחוֹשֶׁת״ – לֹא יִפְחוֹת מִמָּעָה כֶּסֶף. תַּנְיָא: רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר – לֹא יִפְחוֹת מִצִּינּוֹרָא קְטַנָּה שֶׁל נְחֹשֶׁת. לְמַאי חַזְיָא? אָמַר אַבָּיֵי: שֶׁמְּחַטְּטִין בָּהּ פְּתִילוֹת, וּמְקַנְּחִין בָּהּ נֵרוֹת.
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : The mishna discusses pledges of gold, silver, and copper. What is the halakha if one says: It is incumbent upon me to donate iron? It is taught in a baraita that others say: He must donate no less than the amount that can be made into a base and spike designed to eliminate the ravens [mikkalya orev]. The Gemara asks: And how much is that? Rav Yosef said: One cubit in width by one cubit in length.
בַּרְזֶל, תַּנְיָא, אֲחֵרִים אוֹמְרִים: לֹא יִפְחוֹת מִכָּלְיָה עוֹרֵב, וְכַמָּה? אָמַר רַב יוֹסֵף: אַמָּה עַל אַמָּה.
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : There are those who say another version of this baraita and the subsequent explanation: One who pledges to donate iron must donate no less than one cubit in width by one cubit in length. The Gemara asks: For what is this amount of iron suitable? Rav Yosef said: It is suitable for a base and spike designed to eliminate the ravens.
אִיכָּא דְאָמְרִי: לֹא יִפְחוֹת מֵאַמָּה עַל אַמָּה. לְמַאי חַזְיָא? אָמַר רַב יוֹסֵף: לְכָלְיָה עוֹרֵב.
Mishna 1
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : MISHNA: One who says: It is incumbent upon me to bring a libation of wine, must bring no less than three log, as that is the minimum amount of wine brought as a libation accompanying an animal offering. One who says: It is incumbent upon me to bring oil, must bring no less than a log, as the smallest meal offering includes one log of oil. Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi says: He must bring no less than three log, as that is the amount of oil in the meal offering that accompanies the sacrifice of a lamb, which is the smallest amount in any of the meal offerings that accompany the sacrifice of an animal.
מַתְנִי׳ ״הֲרֵי עָלַי יַיִן״ – לֹא יִפְחוֹת מִשְּׁלֹשָׁה לוּגִּין, ״שֶׁמֶן״ – לֹא יִפְחוֹת מִלּוֹג, רַבִּי אוֹמֵר: שְׁלֹשָׁה לוּגִּין.(משנה)
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : One who says: I specified how many log I vowed to bring but I do not know what amount I specified, must bring an amount of oil equivalent to the amount brought on the day that the largest amount of oil is sacrificed in the Temple.
״פֵּירַשְׁתִּי, וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מָה פֵּירַשְׁתִּי״ – יָבִיא כְּיוֹם מְרוּבֶּה.
Guémara
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : GEMARA: The Torah states with regard to libations: “All that are native born shall do these things in this manner, in presenting an offering made by fire, of a pleasing aroma to the Lord” (Numbers 15:13). As this verse is superfluous, the various terms in it are used to derive halakhot. The term “native born” teaches that one may pledge libations independently, even when they are not sacrificed together with an offering. And how much is the minimum size that is offered? Three log, which is the smallest measurement of a libation in the Torah and is offered with a lamb.
גְּמָ׳ תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: ״אֶזְרָח״ – מְלַמֵּד שֶׁמִּתְנַדְּבִין יַיִן, וְכַמָּה? שְׁלֹשָׁה לוּגִּין.
Traduction française en préparation — version anglaise (Steinsaltz) : And from where is it derived that if one desires to add to this amount, he may add to it? The verse states with regard to libations associated with the additional offerings for the New Moon: “And their libations: Half a hin of wine shall be for the bull, and the third part of a hin for the ram, and the fourth part of a hin for the lamb (Numbers 28:14). From the superfluous “shall be” one may understand that there are other amounts of wine that may be brought as independent libations. One might have thought that he can decrease the amount of wine in a libation to less than three log. Therefore, the verse states: “All that are native born shall do these things, in this manner” (Numbers 15:13), i.e., one may not bring less than three log of wine.
וּמִנַּיִן שֶׁאִם רָצָה לְהוֹסִיף יוֹסִיף? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר ״יִהְיֶה״. יָכוֹל יִפְחוֹת? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר ״כָּכָה״.